{"id":6815,"date":"2010-01-02T15:24:42","date_gmt":"2010-01-02T13:24:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/tr\/?p=6815"},"modified":"2010-01-02T16:12:04","modified_gmt":"2010-01-02T14:12:04","slug":"cecenlerin-surgunde-gecen-on-yili","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/tr\/2010\/01\/cecenlerin-surgunde-gecen-on-yili\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7e\u00e7enlerin S\u00fcrg\u00fcnde Ge\u00e7en On Y\u0131l\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vatanlar\u0131n\u0131 terk edeli on y\u0131l oldu, ancak geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f g\u00fcvenli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in G\u00fcrcistan\u2019daki \u00c7e\u00e7enler halen korku i\u00e7erisinde.<\/em><\/p>\n

G\u00fcrcistan\u2019daki \u00c7e\u00e7en m\u00fclteciler \u00fclkelerinden ayr\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131n onuncu y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 geride b\u0131rak\u0131rken, Ruslar\u0131n sava\u015f\u0131n bitti\u011fi \u015feklindeki a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131na ald\u0131r\u0131\u015f etmiyor ve ancak bombalar ile a\u00e7\u0131lan ate\u015fler son buldu\u011funda vatanlar\u0131na d\u00f6neceklerini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc ve uzun ete\u011fiyle geleneksel \u00c7e\u00e7en k\u0131yafetleri i\u00e7erisindeki orta ya\u015fl\u0131 Kameta Temirbulatova, G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n \u00fccra noktas\u0131ndaki Pankisi vadisinde ya\u015fayan \u00c7e\u00e7enlerin yoksulluktan ve vatan hasretinden muzdarip olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ifade ediyor. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra b\u00f6lgenin El-Kaide\u2019ye yatakl\u0131k yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feklindeki Rus su\u00e7lamalar\u0131 da canlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Vadi, yerel n\u00fcfusun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil eden etnik Kistlerle akrabal\u0131k ba\u011f\u0131 olan 800 kadar \u00c7e\u00e7en\u2019e ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Pankisi\u2019deki m\u00fcltecilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu, Rusya\u2019n\u0131n \u00c7e\u00e7enya\u2019da Ekim 1999\u2019da ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ikinci sava\u015ftan sonra ka\u00e7arak Kas\u0131m ya da Aral\u0131k 1999\u2019da \u00fclkesini terk etmek zorunda kalanlardan olu\u015fuyor.<\/p>\n

Rus g\u00fc\u00e7leri 1996 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7e\u00e7en ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan kovulduysa da, \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra \u00c7e\u00e7enya\u2019ya geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcler. O d\u00f6nemde Rusya Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Vladimir Putin, Kafkasya da\u011flar\u0131 ile G\u00fcrcistan\u2019dan ayr\u0131lan \u00c7e\u00e7enya\u2019n\u0131n su\u00e7 ve \u015fiddet yata\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemekteydi.<\/p>\n

Putin\u2019in askeri g\u00fc\u00e7leri \u00c7e\u00e7enya\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Grozny\u2019i vah\u015fice bombalamaya ba\u015flad\u0131 ve mahzenlerde saklanan \u00c7e\u00e7en sivillerden 7 bin kadar\u0131 haftalar sonra kendilerini G\u00fcrcistan\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcrecek da\u011f yollar\u0131nda buldu.<\/p>\n

Pankisi\u2019deki \u00c7e\u00e7en m\u00fclteciler \u00c7e\u00e7enya\u2019dan topluca g\u00f6\u00e7 eden on binlerce s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir y\u00fczdesini olu\u015fturmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Rusya taraf\u0131ndan b\u00f6lgenin isyanc\u0131lar\u0131n yata\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u015feklindeki ard\u0131 arkas\u0131 kesilmeyen iddialar\u0131 nedeniyle g\u00fcndemden hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015fmedi.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 Pankisi Vadisi\u2019nde olmak \u00fczere sadece bin kadar\u0131 G\u00fcrcistan\u2019da ya\u015f\u0131yor ve eve geri d\u00f6nmek i\u00e7in halen erken oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n

\u00c7e\u00e7enya\u2019da Moskova destekli bir y\u00f6netim dayatan Rusya, sava\u015f\u0131n da sona erdi\u011fini iddia ediyor ama, \u00c7e\u00e7enya\u2019da intihar bombalamalar\u0131 ve silahl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar hala d\u00fczenli olarak ya\u015fan\u0131yor ve \u015fiddet sarmal\u0131 \u00c7e\u00e7enya\u2019dan kom\u015fu \u0130ngu\u015fetya ve Da\u011f\u0131stan\u2019a da yay\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\"\"Temirbulatova, \u201cE\u011fer bir m\u00fclteciyseniz ve anavatan\u0131n\u0131za geri d\u00f6nm\u00fcyorsan\u0131z, onlar (Moskova destekli \u00c7e\u00e7en y\u00f6netimi) i\u00e7in bir d\u00fc\u015fmans\u0131n\u0131z, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00fclkede her \u015feyin yolunda oldu\u011funu iddia ediyorlar. Ama biz gitmeye korkuyoruz. Tedirginiz. \u015eu an i\u00e7in her \u015fey istikrar i\u00e7erisinde de\u011fil. Cinayetler ve bombalama olaylar\u0131 ya\u015fan\u0131yor\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7e\u00e7enya, erkekler i\u00e7in kad\u0131nlardan daha tehlikeli olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, d\u00f6nenlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 erkekler. Onlar, ailelerinin geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc i\u00e7in yol yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bir ba\u015fka m\u00fclteci Zhaneta Makalova, \u201cErkeklerden ziyade kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in daha g\u00fcvenli. Grozny\u2019de temizlik operasyonlar\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131. Ya\u015flar\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen askerler erkeklerimizi g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n

Pankisi\u2019de i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131 halen y\u00fcksek. Hem \u00c7e\u00e7en hem de Kist erkeklerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc vakitlerinin \u00e7o\u011funu vadinin idari merkezi olan Duisi\u2019nin ana caddesi \u00fczerinde sohbet ederek ge\u00e7iriyor. G\u00fcrcistan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti m\u00fcltecilere ayl\u0131k ya\u015fam deste\u011fi olarak ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131 28 Lari (yakla\u015f\u0131k 50 TL) yard\u0131m sa\u011fl\u0131yor, bu ko\u015fullar nedeniyle m\u00fcltecilerin \u00e7o\u011fu \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fka yerlerde denemeye karar vermi\u015f.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcrcistan\u2019da kalan \u00c7e\u00e7enler, G\u00fcrcistan vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alabiliyor; G\u00fcrcistan Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mikhail Saakashvili ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz sonbahar vatanda\u015fl\u0131k i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan 31 ba\u015fvurunun yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 onaylad\u0131.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcrcistan Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kay\u0131t Merkezi\u2019nin s\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc Giorgi Meurmeshvili, \u201cOn sekizi \u00e7ifte vatanda\u015fl\u0131k elde etti, geri kalanlar i\u00e7in ise \u015fu a\u015famada hem G\u00fcrcistan hem de Rusya vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alamayacaklar\u0131 s\u00f6ylendi\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n

\"\"Pankisi Vadisi\u2019ndeki \u00c7e\u00e7enler s\u0131kl\u0131kla Rusya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 devam eden sava\u015fta yaralanan \u00c7e\u00e7en isyanc\u0131lar\u0131 tedavi i\u00e7in bar\u0131nd\u0131rmakla itham ediliyor. G\u00fcrcistan, A\u011fustos 2002\u2019de y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen askeri bir operasyonla b\u00f6lgedeki militanlar\u0131n temizlendi\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor; ancak Moskova \u00c7e\u00e7en militanlar\u0131n b\u00f6lgeyi kullanmaya devam etti\u011fini iddia ediyor.<\/p>\n

Ekim 2009\u2019da, Rusya Federal G\u00fcvenlik Servisi (FSB) Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Alexander Bortnikov, G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n El-Kaide militanlar\u0131na yatakl\u0131k yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti. Rusya\u2019n\u0131n su\u00e7lamalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda konu\u015furken, \u00c7e\u00e7en kad\u0131nlar g\u00f6zya\u015flar\u0131na hakim olam\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Temirbulatova, \u201cBu konuda \u00e7ok kayg\u0131l\u0131y\u0131z, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00fczerimizde psikolojik bir bask\u0131 olu\u015fturuluyor. Bunlar olmadan dahi duygular\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 zor kontrol ediyoruz, ama onlar b\u0131kmadan tekrar tekrar benzeri a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yap\u0131yorlar, bu bizim i\u00e7in \u00e7ok zor\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7e\u00e7enler on y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcrg\u00fcn hayatlar\u0131nda ne dillerini ne de adetlerini yitirmemi\u015f. Pek \u00e7o\u011fu ak\u0131c\u0131 \u015fekilde Rus\u00e7a konu\u015fmas\u0131na ve G\u00fcrc\u00fc dilini konu\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, aralar\u0131nda \u00c7e\u00e7ence konu\u015fmay\u0131 tercih ediyorlar.<\/p>\n

Ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n eve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f hayalleri devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

Yerel bir okulda \u00f6\u011frenci olan 14 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Fatima Ozneeva, \u201cHerkes anavat\u0131n\u0131n hasretini \u00e7ekiyor. Birg\u00fcn mutlaka \u00fclkeme d\u00f6nece\u011fim\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n

18.12.2009 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Lizaveta Zhahanina<\/strong>, The Georgian Times\u2019\u0131n Edit\u00f6r Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ve Tiflis merkezli ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir gazeteci<\/p>\n

Kaynak:<\/strong> Sava\u015f ve Bar\u0131\u015f Habercili\u011fi Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc (IWPR)<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vatanlar\u0131n\u0131 terk edeli on y\u0131l oldu, ancak geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f g\u00fcvenli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in G\u00fcrcistan\u2019daki \u00c7e\u00e7enler halen korku i\u00e7erisinde.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[127],"tags":[1596,1595,1597,1598,1490,330,1599],"class_list":["post-6815","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ceviriler-makaleler","tag-alexander-bortnikov","tag-fatima-ozneeva","tag-giorgi-meurmeshvili","tag-kameta-temirbulatova","tag-lizaveta-zhahanina","tag-pankisi","tag-zhaneta-makalova"],"views":6083,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6815","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6815"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6815\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6824,"href":"http:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6815\/revisions\/6824"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6815"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6815"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6815"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}