{"id":390,"date":"2009-05-10T06:39:56","date_gmt":"2009-05-10T13:39:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/?p=390"},"modified":"2009-05-10T06:39:56","modified_gmt":"2009-05-10T13:39:56","slug":"gekhayeva-and-others-v-russia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/2009\/05\/gekhayeva-and-others-v-russia\/","title":{"rendered":"Gekhayeva and Others v. Russia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The ECHR case of Gekhayeva and others v. Russia (application  no. 1755\/04).<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">..<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">388<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">29.5.2008<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Press release issued  by the Registrar<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">CHAMBER JUDGMENT<\/span><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\"><br \/>\nGEKHAYEVA AND OTHERS v. RUSSIA<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The European Court of Human  Rights has today notified in writing its Chamber judgment<a style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"http:\/\/cmiskp.echr.coe.int\/tkp197\/viewhbkm.asp?sessionId=23384804&amp;skin=hudoc-pr-en&amp;action=html&amp;table=F69A27FD8FB86142BF01C1166DEA398649&amp;key=44368&amp;highlight=chechen#02000001\"><span class=\"Footnote-0020Reference--Char\"><span class=\"Footnote-0020Reference--Char\" style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/a> in the case of <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;\">Gekhayeva and Others v. Russia <\/span>(application  no. 1755\/04). <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Court held unanimously  that there had been:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; font-family: 'Symbol','Arial'; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b7<span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman','Arial';\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-family: 'Symbol','Arial';\"> <\/span>a <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">violation  of Article 2<\/span> (right to life) of the European Convention on Human  Rights in respect of the applicants\u2019 daughters and sister: Kurbika  Zinabdiyeva and Aminat Dugayeva;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; font-family: 'Symbol','Arial'; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b7<span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman','Arial';\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-family: 'Symbol','Arial';\"> <\/span>a <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">violation  of Article 2<\/span> concerning Russia\u2019s failure to conduct an effective  investigation into the disappearances of Kurbika Zinabdiyeva and Aminat  Dugayeva;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; font-family: 'Symbol','Arial'; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b7<span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman','Arial';\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-family: 'Symbol','Arial';\"> <\/span>a <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">violation  of Article 3<\/span> (prohibition of inhuman or degrading treatment)  in respect of the applicants;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; font-family: 'Symbol','Arial'; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b7<span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman','Arial';\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-family: 'Symbol','Arial';\"> <\/span>a <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">violation  of Article 5<\/span> (right to liberty and security) in respect of Kurbika  Zinabdiyeva and Aminat Dugayeva; and,<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; font-family: 'Symbol','Arial'; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b7<span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman','Arial';\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-family: 'Symbol','Arial';\"> <\/span>a <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">violation  of Article 13<\/span> (right to an effective remedy)<span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Under Article 41 (just  satisfaction) of the Convention, the Court awarded 35,000\u00a0euros (EUR)  in respect of non-pecuniary damage to Aminat Dugayeva\u2019s mother, and  EUR 35,000, jointly, to Kurbika Zinabdiyeva\u2019s mother and sisters.  The applicants were awarded, jointly, EUR\u00a05,150 for costs and expenses.  (The judgment is available only in English.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">1.\u00a0\u00a0Principal facts<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The applicants are five  Russian nationals and all members of the same family: Rumani Gekhayeva,  Zlikhat Dugayeva, Subani Akhyadova, Zubidat Gekhayeva and Aynet Malgasarova,  born in 1947, 1950, 1965, 1971 and 1975, respectively. They live in  Chechnya. Rumani Gekhayeva is the mother and Zubidat Gekhayeva and Aynet  Malgasarova the sisters of Kurbika Zinabdiyeva, born in 1968. She suffered  from a brain tumour and epilepsy and, due to migraines, was often confined  to bed. Zlikhat Dugayeva is the mother of Aminat Dugayeva, who was born  in 1988 and, at the relevant time, was in 9<sup>th<\/sup> grade at secondary  school.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The case concerned the  applicants\u2019 allegation that Kurbika Zinabdiyeva and Aminat Dugayeva  disappeared following a raid by Russian servicemen on Rumani Gekhayeva\u2019s  home in Ulus-Kert, a village in Chechnya.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">According to the applicants,  in the early hours of 16 May 2003 a group of 20 men wearing blue uniforms  and balaclavas who spoke Russian raided the family home in Ulus-Kert.  Rumani Gekhayeva was ordered to lie on the floor: her eyes, nose and  mouth were wrapped up in masking tape, as were her wrists and ankles.  She could not see and could barely breathe. She heard the men leave  and it wasn\u2019t until later that she was freed by neighbours and Ms  V., a local official. They found the house ransacked and Kurbika and  Aminat gone. They have had no news of them since.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The applicants claimed  that Kurbika and Aminat were abducted by Russian servicemen and killed.  The neighbours and Ms V. testified that the servicemen had come to the  village in armoured personnel carriers and UAZ all-terrain military  vehicles. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Immediately following the  disappearances, there were reports in the media about two women, suspected  of terrorism, having been arrested. According to the applicants, public  officials stated, during an interview on regional television, that Kurbika  and Aminat had been arrested. The <a name=\"HIT1\"><\/a> Chechen newspaper <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-style: italic;\">Schit I Mech<\/span> also reported that two women, suspected to be  recruiters of suicide bombers and involved in organising a terrorist  attack in Dubrovka (Moscow), had been arrested.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In the years that followed,  the applicants requested the authorities, both in person and in writing  for assistance. Zlikhat Dugayeva, in particular, demanded that urgent  steps be taken to find her daughter, Aminat, who was 15 and therefore  a minor when she disappeared. The two mothers were granted victim status  in June and July 2003 but had no access to the case file concerning  the investigation into the disappearances and were only informed of  the adjournments and reopenings of those proceedings.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Government denied that  Russian servicemen were responsible for the disappearances and submitted  that the two women had been kidnapped by unidentified armed men. Although  the authorities initially refused to bring criminal proceedings as they  considered that the women had been arrested, on 7 June 2003 a criminal  investigation was launched. Furthermore, on 20\u00a0May 2004 a decision was  issued which, finding that the investigation had not been comprehensive  enough, requested that Ms V. be questioned, that the sources of the  report in <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-style: italic;\">Schit  I Mech<\/span> be identified and that it be clarified whether Aminat  and Kurbika had been involved in terrorism. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The investigation was suspended  on 27 June 2004 and resumed again on 11 August 2006, but to date, has  failed to identify those responsible for the disappearance of Aminat  and Kurbika.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">2.\u00a0\u00a0Procedure and composition of the Court<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The application was lodged  with the European Court of Human Rights on 11\u00a0November 2003.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Judgment was given by a  Chamber of seven judges, composed as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Christos <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Rozakis<\/span> (Greek), <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;\">President<\/span>,<br \/>\nAnatoly <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Kovler<\/span> (Russian),<br \/>\nElisabeth <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Steiner<\/span> (Austrian),<br \/>\nDean <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Spielmann<\/span> (Luxemburger),<br \/>\nSverre Erik <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Jebens<\/span> (Norwegian),<br \/>\nGiorgio <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Malinverni<\/span> (Swiss),<br \/>\nGeorge <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Nicolaou<\/span> (Cypriot), <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;\">judges<\/span>,<\/p>\n<p>and also S\u00f8ren <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Nielsen<\/span>, <span class=\"Ju-005fJudges-0020Char--Char\"><span class=\"Ju-005fJudges-0020Char--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;\">Section Registrar<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">3.\u00a0\u00a0Summary of the judgment<\/span><a style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"http:\/\/cmiskp.echr.coe.int\/tkp197\/viewhbkm.asp?sessionId=23384804&amp;skin=hudoc-pr-en&amp;action=html&amp;table=F69A27FD8FB86142BF01C1166DEA398649&amp;key=44368&amp;highlight=chechen#02000002\"><span class=\"Footnote-0020Reference--Char\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Complaints<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The applicants alleged  that Kurbika Zinabdiyeva and Aminat Dugayeva disappeared after being  detained by Russian servicemen and that the Russian authorities failed  to carry out an effective investigation into their allegations. They  also claimed that they endured mental suffering as a result of the disappearances  and the failure by the authorities to investigate. They relied on Articles\u00a02  (right to life), 3 (prohibition of inhuman or degrading treatment),  5 (right to liberty and security) and 13 (right to an effective remedy).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Decision of the Court<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Article 2 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Concerning the disappearance of Kurbika Zinabdiyeva and Aminat Dugayeva<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Court found that the  fact that a large group of armed men in uniform had been able to move  freely in armoured personnel carriers during curfew hours strongly supported  the applicants\u2019 allegation that the abductors had been Russian servicemen. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Furthermore, drawing inferences  from the Russian Government\u2019s failure to submit documents \u2013 despite  specific requests from the Court \u2013 to which it exclusively had access  and the fact that it had not provided any other plausible explanation  for the disappearances, the Court considered that Kurbika Zinabdiyeva  and Aminat Dugayeva had been arrested in the early hours of 16 May 2003  by Russian servicemen during an unacknowledged security operation. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">There had been no reliable  news of the two women since 16 May 2003. Their names had not been found  in any official detention facility\u2019s records and the Government had  not submitted any explanation as to what had happened to them after  their abduction.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In the context of the conflict  in Chechnya, when a person had been detained by unidentified servicemen  without any subsequent acknowledgment of their detention, the situation  could be regarded as life-threatening. The absence of Kurbika Zinabdiyeva  and Aminat Dugayeva or any news of them for more than three years and  five months corroborated that assumption. Furthermore, the investigation  into the disappearances, dragging on for more than 40 months, had been  incomplete and inadequate. Moreover, the authorities\u2019 attitude immediately  after the news of the two women\u2019s abduction had contributed significantly  to the likelihood of their disappearance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Court therefore considered  that the two women had to be presumed dead following their unacknowledged  detention by Russian servicemen. Noting that the authorities had not  justified the use of lethal force by their agents, the Court concluded  that there had been a violation of Article 2 in respect of Kurbika Zinabdiyeva  and Aminat Dugayeva.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Concerning the investigation into the disappearances<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Despite not having access  to a complete investigation file, it was clear to the Court that a number  of crucial steps had been delayed where prompt action had been vital.  The investigation had only been opened 22 days after the crime as the  authorities had initially refused to investigate. Furthermore, it was  only in May 2004 that the investigating authorities had been requested  to take such basic steps as questioning Ms V., verifying <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-style: italic;\">Schit I Mech\u2019s<\/span> sources and clarifying whether the applicants\u2019  relatives had been implicated in terrorist activities. The investigation  had also failed to establish promptly whether, as alleged by the applicants,  public officials had made comments on television concerning the arrest  of the two women.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The investigation had been  adjourned and reopened a number of times and for more than two years,  between 27 June 2004 and 11 August 2006, had been inactive. Even though  the two women\u2019s mothers had been granted victim status, they had only  been informed of those adjournments and reopenings, and not of any other  significant developments. In any event, the applicants had no access  to the case file and had not been properly informed of the progress  of the investigation, so they could not have effectively challenged  before the domestic courts any failings in the investigation. Besides,  the effectiveness of the investigation had already been undermined in  its early stages by the authorities\u2019 failure to take necessary and  urgent investigative measures, which made it highly doubtful that any  domestic remedy would have had a prospect of success. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Court therefore concluded  that the authorities had failed to carry out an effective criminal investigation  into the circumstances of the disappearance of Kurbika Zinabdiyeva and  Aminat Dugayeva, in further violation of Article 2.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Article 3 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Court noted that the  applicants were close relatives of the women who had disappeared. For  more than three years they had had no news of them. During that period  they had applied to various official bodies, both in writing and in  person. Despite their enquiries, they had never received any plausible  explanation or information as to what had happened following their relatives\u2019  detention. The responses they had received mostly denied the State\u2019s  responsibility for their arrest or simply informed them that an investigation  had been ongoing. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The fact that the servicemen  had tied Rumani Gekhayeva up and left her lying on the floor had further  contributed to her profound moral suffering.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Court therefore found  that the applicants had suffered, and continued to suffer, distress  and anguish as a result of the disappearance of their close relatives  and their inability to find out what had happened to them. The manner  in which their complaints had been dealt with by the Russian authorities  had to be considered to constitute inhuman treatment, in violation of  Article 3<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Article 5 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Court reiterated that  Kurbika Zinabdiyeva and Aminat Dugayeva had been arrested by Russian  servicemen on 16 May 2003 and had not been seen since. Their detention  had not been logged in any custody records and there existed no official  trace of their subsequent whereabouts or fate. That fact in itself had  to be considered a most serious failing, since it enabled those responsible  for an act of deprivation of liberty to conceal their involvement in  a crime, to cover their tracks and to escape accountability for the  fate of a detainee. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Court further considered  that the authorities should have been more aware of the need for a thorough  and prompt investigation of the applicants\u2019 complaints that their  close relatives had been taken away and detained in life-threatening  circumstances. However, there was no doubt that the authorities had  failed to take prompt and effective measures to safeguard their relatives  against the risk of disappearance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Consequently, the Court  found that Kurbika Zinabdiyeva and Aminat Dugayeva had been held in  unacknowledged detention without any of the safeguards contained in  Article 5. There had therefore been a particularly grave violation of  Article 5.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Article 13 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The applicants should have  had available to them effective remedies such as a thorough and effective  investigation capable of leading to the identification and punishment  of those responsible for their relatives\u2019 death and the possibility  to claim compensation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In circumstances where,  as in the applicants\u2019 case, the criminal investigation into the disappearances  had been ineffective and the effectiveness of any other remedy that  might have existed, had consequently been undermined, the State had  failed in its obligations under Article 13 in conjunction with Article  2.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">No separate issues arose  under Article 13 in conjunction with Articles 3 and 5.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The ECHR case of Gekhayeva and others v. Russia (application no. 1755\/04).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-390","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-echr-cases"],"views":1290,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/390","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=390"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/390\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":391,"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/390\/revisions\/391"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=390"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=390"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=390"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}