{"id":392,"date":"2009-05-10T06:44:40","date_gmt":"2009-05-10T13:44:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/?p=392"},"modified":"2009-05-10T06:44:40","modified_gmt":"2009-05-10T13:44:40","slug":"elmurzayev-and-others-v-russia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/2009\/05\/elmurzayev-and-others-v-russia\/","title":{"rendered":"Elmurzayev and Others v. Russia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The ECHR case of Elmurzayev and Others v. Russia (application  no. 3019\/04).<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">..<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">429<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">12.6.2008<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Press release issued  by the Registrar<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">CHAMBER JUDGMENT<\/span><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\"><br \/>\nELMURZAYEV AND OTHERS v. RUSSIA<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The European Court of Human  Rights has today notified in writing its Chamber judgment  in the case of <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;\">Elmurzayev and Others v. Russia <\/span>(application  no. 3019\/04).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Court held unanimously  that there had been:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; font-family: 'Symbol','Arial'; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b7<span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman','Arial';\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-family: 'Symbol','Arial';\"> <\/span>a <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">violation  of Article 2<\/span> (right to life) of the European Convention on Human  Rights in respect of Apti and Musa Elmurzayev;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; font-family: 'Symbol','Arial'; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b7<span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman','Arial';\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-family: 'Symbol','Arial';\"> <\/span>a <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">violation  of Article 2<\/span> of the Convention in respect of the failure to conduct  an effective investigation into the circumstances in which Apti and  Musa Elmurzayev had disappeared;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; font-family: 'Symbol','Arial'; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b7<span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman','Arial';\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-family: 'Symbol','Arial';\"> <\/span>a <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">violation  of Article 3<\/span> (prohibition of inhuman or degrading treatment)  in respect of the applicants;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; font-family: 'Symbol','Arial'; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b7<span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman','Arial';\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-family: 'Symbol','Arial';\"> <\/span>a <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">violation  of Article 5<\/span> (right to liberty and security) in respect of Apti  and Musa Elmurzayev;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt; font-family: 'Symbol','Arial'; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b7<span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman','Arial';\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-family: 'Symbol','Arial';\"> <\/span>a <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">violation  of Article 13<\/span> (right to an effective remedy) in conjunction with <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Article<\/span><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\"> 2<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Under Article 41 (just  satisfaction) of the Convention, and in respect of non-pecuniary damage,  the Court awarded 5,000\u00a0euros\u00a0EUR to the second and third applicants jointly;  EUR\u00a024,000 to the sixth, seventh and eighth applicants jointly; EUR\u00a024,000  to the ninth, tenth and eleventh applicants jointly, and EUR\u00a02,000 to  the first, fourth, fifth and twelfth applicants each. The Court awarded  the applicants EUR\u00a05,150 for costs and expenses. (The judgment is available  only in English.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">1.\u00a0\u00a0Principal facts<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The applicants are 12 Russian  nationals, Supian Khasanovich Elmurzayev, Zina Elmurzayeva, Khasan Katayevich  Elmurzayev, Isa Khasanovich Elmurzayev, Aslanbek Khasanovich Elmurzayev,  Zura Ismailovna Elmurzayeva, Beslan Musayevich Elmurzayev, Movsar Musayevich  Elmurzayev, Larisa Shekhmirzayevna (Shakhmirzayevna) Mukhtarova, Mariam  Aptiyevna Elmurzayeva (Mukhtarova), Magomed Aptiyevich Elmurzayev (Mukhtarov),  Ayshat Khasanovna Elmurzayeva, who were born in 1963, 1933, 1933, 1954,  1967, 1964, 1984, 1986, 1978, 1999, 2001 and 1976, respectively, and  live in Urus-Martan (Chechnya). They are the parents, spouses, siblings  and children of Mr Apti Khasanovich Elmurzayev, who was born in 1969,  and Mr Musa Khasanovich Elmurzayev, who born in 1956.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In separate incidents in  July 2002 and January 2003 Mr Apti Elmurzayev and Mr Musa Elmurzayev  were abducted at gunpoint from their home in the village of Martan-Chu  by a group of armed men in uniforms. The abductions took place at around  2 a.m. and in neither case did the armed men produce a warrant or provide  any explanation. Both men were blindfolded and had their hands tied  with adhesive tape. Their relatives were ordered not to interfere and  not to follow. On the first occasion a shot was fired when one of the  applicants left the house to see what was happening. Neither of the  brothers has been seen since their abduction.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The family members made  repeated efforts to establish the two men\u2019s whereabouts, including  contacting the military authorities, the prosecutor\u2019s office, the  local department of the Federal Security Service (FSB) and local representatives  of the Ministry of the Interior of the Chechen<strong style=\"color: red;\"><\/strong> Republic. Criminal investigations  were opened into both abductions. The investigations were suspended  on several occasions and, although some investigative measures were  taken, proved unable to identify the perpetrators.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In June 2006 the first  applicant filed a complaint with the town court alleging that the investigation  had been unreasonably long and had been erroneously suspended. He also  complained that he had been denied access to the case-files. The town  court\u2019s judgment noted defects in the investigations, including the  failure to identify and question federal servicemen on checkpoint duty  at the time and to identify and question the heads of local law-enforcement  agencies. The first applicant was granted access to the file in the  case concerning Apti Elmurzayev, but not allowed to make photocopies.  He was not given access to the second file because he did not have victim  status in that case. His appeal to the Supreme Court of the <a name=\"HIT2\"><\/a>Chechen  Republic was dismissed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">2. <\/span><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\"> Procedure  and composition of the Court<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The application was lodged  with the European Court of Human Rights on 9\u00a0January 2004.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Judgment was given by a  Chamber of seven judges, composed as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Christos <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Rozakis<\/span> (Greek), <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;\">President<\/span>,<br \/>\nAnatoly <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Kovler<\/span> (Russian),<br \/>\nElisabeth <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Steiner<\/span> (Austrian),<br \/>\nDean <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Spielmann<\/span> (Luxemburger),<br \/>\nSverre Erik <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Jebens<\/span> (Norwegian),<br \/>\nGiorgio <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Malinverni<\/span> (Swiss),<br \/>\nGeorge <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Nicolaou<\/span> (Cypriot), <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;\">judges<\/span>,<\/p>\n<p>and also S\u00f8ren <span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Nielsen<\/span>, <span class=\"Ju-005fJudges-0020Char--Char\"><span class=\"Ju-005fJudges-0020Char--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;\">Section Registrar<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">3.\u00a0\u00a0Summary of the judgment<\/span><a style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"http:\/\/cmiskp.echr.coe.int\/tkp197\/viewhbkm.asp?sessionId=23384804&amp;skin=hudoc-pr-en&amp;action=html&amp;table=F69A27FD8FB86142BF01C1166DEA398649&amp;key=44397&amp;highlight=chechen#02000002\"><span class=\"Footnote-0020Reference--Char\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Complaints<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The applicants complained  that their relatives had disappeared after having been detained by Russian  servicemen and that the domestic authorities had failed to carry out  an effective investigation of the matter. They relied on Articles\u00a02,  3, 5 and\u00a013.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Decision of the Court<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Assessment of the facts<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Court was satisfied  that the applicants had made out a prima facie case that their relatives  had been apprehended by State servicemen. Drawing inferences from the  Government\u2019s failure to submit documents which were in their exclusive  possession or to provide another plausible explanation for the events  in question, the Court considered that Apti and Musa Elmurzayev had  been apprehended on 9 July 2002 and 27 January 2003 respectively at  their homes, by State servicemen during unacknowledged security operations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">There had been no reliable  news of Apti and Musa Elmurzayev since the dates of their abductions.  Their names had not been found in any official detention facilities\u2019  records. The Government had not submitted any explanation as to what  had happened to them after their abduction.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In the context of the conflict  in the <a name=\"HIT3\"><\/a>Chechen Republic, when a person was detained by unidentified  servicemen without any subsequent acknowledgement of the detention,  this could be regarded as life-threatening. The absence of Apti and  Musa Elmurzayev or of any news of them for several years supported that  assumption.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Apti and Musa Elmurzayev  had therefore to be presumed dead following their unacknowledged detention  by State servicemen.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Article 2<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Concerning the alleged violation of the right to life of Apti and  Musa Elmurzayev<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Court had already found  it established that the applicants\u2019 relatives had to be presumed dead  following their unacknowledged arrest by State servicemen and that their  deaths could be attributed to the State. In the absence of any justification  in respect of the use of lethal force by State agents, there had been  a violation of Article 2 in respect of Apti and Musa Elmurzayev.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Concerning the alleged inadequacy of the investigation of the kidnapping<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Court noted that the  investigation into the first abduction had been suspended and resumed  three times and that there had been lengthy periods of inactivity of  the district prosecutor\u2019s office when no proceedings were pending.  The investigators\u2019 efforts had been even more feeble as regards the  search for Musa Elmurzayev, since no proceedings whatsoever were pending  in this case between 20\u00a0September 2003 and 31 July 2006, that is, for  two years, ten months and eleven days.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The effectiveness of both  investigations had already been undermined in their early stages by  the authorities\u2019 failure to take necessary and urgent investigative  measures. These delays were liable to affect the investigation of crimes  such as kidnapping in life-threatening circumstances, where crucial  action had to be taken in the first days after the event. It appeared  that after that a number of essential steps were delayed and were eventually  taken only after the communication of the complaint to the respondent  Government, or not at all.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In these circumstances  the authorities had failed to carry out an effective criminal investigation  into the disappearances of Apti and Musa Elmurzayev, in breach of Article  2.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Article 3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Court noted that the  applicants were close relatives of the two disappeared men. For more  than five years they had not had any news of Apti and Musa Elmurzayev.  During this period the applicants had applied to various official bodies  with enquiries about their relatives, both in writing and in person.  Despite their requests, the applicants had never received any plausible  explanation or information as to what became of the Elmurzayev brothers  following their kidnappings. The responses received by the applicants  had mostly denied that the State was responsible for the abductions  or simply informed them that an investigation was ongoing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The applicants had consequently  suffered, and continued to suffer, distress and anguish as a result  of the disappearance of their relatives and their inability to find  out what had happened to them. The manner in which their complaints  had been dealt with by the authorities had to be considered to constitute  inhuman treatment contrary to Article 3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Article 5<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The Court found that Apti  and Musa Elmurzayev had been held in unacknowledged detention without  any of the safeguards contained in Article 5. This constituted a particularly  grave violation of the right to liberty and security enshrined in Article  5 of the Convention.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"Normal--Char\" style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Article 13<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In circumstances where,  as here, the criminal investigation into the disappearance of two persons  had been ineffective and the effectiveness of any other remedy that  may have existed had consequently been undermined, the State had failed  in its obligation under Article\u00a013 of the Convention.\u00a0\u00a0There had therefore  been a violation of Article 13 in conjunction with Article 2.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Normal\" style=\"margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">No separate issues arose  under Article 13 in respect of the alleged violations of Articles\u00a03 and\u00a05.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The ECHR case of Elmurzayev and Others v. Russia (application no. 3019\/04).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-392","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-echr-cases"],"views":1189,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/392","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=392"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/392\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":393,"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/392\/revisions\/393"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=392"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=392"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.waynakh.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=392"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}